Sciatica refers to pain caused by irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back down through the hips, buttocks, and legs. A common cause of sciatica is a slipped disc (also known as a herniated or prolapsed disc). This occurs when the soft inner material of a spinal disc pushes through its outer layer, putting pressure on nearby nerves.
Both conditions can lead to significant discomfort and mobility issues. While a slipped disc may not always cause sciatica, it’s one of the most frequent triggers. Symptoms often arise when inflammation or nerve compression impacts the sciatic nerve’s function.
Sciatica and slipped discs can affect a wide range of individuals, but some factors increase the
risk:
Middle-aged adults: Disc herniation is more common in people aged 30–50 due to natural spinal wear and tear.
Physically demanding jobs: Occupations involving heavy lifting, twisting, or prolonged bending put stress on the spine.
People with poor posture: Sitting or standing incorrectly can strain the spine, increasing the likelihood of a slipped disc.
Athletes: High-impact activities or sports that involve sudden twisting movements can contribute to disc injury.
Pregnant women: The added pressure on the lower back and pelvis during pregnancy can exacerbate sciatica.
Sedentary individuals: Lack of movement and weak core muscles can lead to poor spinal support, making injury more likely.
The sensations experienced with sciatica or a slipped disc are often distinct and can include:
Shooting pain down the leg: A hallmark of sciatica, this pain typically radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, often affecting one side.
Localised lower back pain: With a slipped disc, pain may be concentrated in the lumbar spine and worsen with movement.
Numbness or tingling: Affected nerves may lead to "pins and needles" sensations in the buttocks, legs, or feet.
Weakness in the legs or feet: In severe cases, nerve compression can impact muscle strength and coordination.
Worsening pain with certain activities: Symptoms may intensify when sitting, coughing, sneezing, or lifting heavy objects.
Understanding these symptoms is crucial for identifying the root cause and seeking timely
treatment.
Managing sciatica or a slipped disc requires a combination of immediate symptom relief and long-term solutions to prevent recurrence.
Key considerations include:
Accurate Diagnosis: Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans may be necessary to identify the exact cause and location of the nerve compression.
Pain Relief: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), nerve pain medications, or muscle relaxants may be prescribed for short-term symptom management.
Physiotherapy: Strengthening the core and back muscles through guided exercises can help relieve pressure on the sciatic nerve and stabilize the spine.
Spinal Decompression Techniques: Treatments such as traction or manual therapy may alleviate nerve compression caused by a slipped disc.
Lifestyle Adjustments: Weight management, quitting smoking, and staying active can reduce strain on the spine and improve long-term outcomes.
Minimally Invasive Procedures: For severe cases, options like steroid injections or microdiscectomy surgery may be necessary to relieve nerve compression and reduce inflammation.
Early intervention is critical to avoid long-term complications, and a tailored treatment plan ensures optimal recovery.
